During a time whoever controlled the seas dominated trade and politics, at least in the colonial
territories. Golden
Age of sailors (and pirates?) English, took to conquer the route
linking the riches of the East with the insatiable demand of the old
continent. However, this was not a company anyone incumbency had political, economic and even military for over 200 years. The Honourable East India Company was undoubtedly the star of world colonial history.
The Honourable East India Company was a
society of investors who won the December 31, 1600 Royal Charter by
Queen Elizabeth I of England with the intention of guaranteeing trade
privileges in India . The royal charter gave the new company the artificial monopoly of all trade in the East Indies.The first point of trade in India was established in the port of Surat in
1608. The next two years, the Company built its first factory in Machilipatnam, in the Bay of Bengal. Traders were often involved in confrontations with the Dutch and Portuguese who were in the Indian Ocean area. However,
the company soon eclipsed the Portuguese who had established bases in
Goa and Bombay (which was later ceded to the British). In 1647, the British company had 23 factories and 90 employees in India. In 1634, the Mughal emperor extended his hospitality and allowed the British trade in the Bengal region.
The company's business is focused on cotton, silk, indigo and tea. Also initiated some inroads in the business of spices, hitherto monopolized by the Dutch. A
mid-nineteenth century, the control of the Company spread across most
of India, Burma, Singapore and Hong Kong, a fifth of the world's
population was under his authority.
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