Hail: when there is no longer "singing in the rain"

SCIENCE

Mr. Gomez leaves the office in rush hour . He hates the traffic and to get home late . However, it is not the cause of concern on his face while driving. Mr. Smith is not a common employee, he works in the weather office and has enough experience to distinguish those clouds ahead are not any but a Cumulonimbus and probably are loaded with hundreds of thousands of spheres of ice harsh and dangerous hail.

Hail pattern is formed is a type of solid precipitation balls consisting of irregular lumps or ice . Consists mainly of water ice and its size can vary among you between 5 and 50 millimeters in diameter and exceed that measure. Hail is possible in most storms, as it occurs within cumulonimbus, within 2 nautical miles ( 3.7 km ) of the mother storm.

Hail formation originates with the presence of a solid particle . This is driven by strong updrafts within the cloud , which you will be attaching water particles . When ascending , the cooling of these particles , freezing occurs . Upon reaching the top of the cloud , hail falls to earth by its own weight . Hail storms are distributed across the planet earth , focusing its presence in the sub - tropiales areas where climatic conditions are more tumultuous , and they are among the major causes of climate disasters . Hail storms are among the most feared man storms . They have enough force to raze large tracts of vegetation , damaging buildings, destroying vehicles and cause serious injury to living beings , you can even preovocarles death.

Following the story of the worst hail storms . According to some records , the historic worst disaster caused by hail occurred on April 30, 1888 in the Indian city of Moradabad , where the stones of enormous size that fell killed 246 people in the act or of wounds suffered. Records more modern mark in Vivian, South Dakota in the United States of America, July 23, 2010 , hail fell nearly reached the 0,900 Kg and exceed 20 cm in diameter.

 More pictures of incredible storms!

The rainbow: The white light fission

SCIENCE
There are few simple things that get the admiration of children and adults at the same time. Two simple creations of the universe, light and water collide to create one of the most sublime spectacles of our planet: the Rainbow. Revered for a century by its mysterious appearance, his explanation is simple laws of optics. However, fantasy and fables have fueled supernatural legends that give a mysticism that humans, despite the progress of science and technology, decide to treasure.
A rainbow is an optical and meteorological phenomenon that causes the appearance of a spectrum of continuous light in the sky when the sun's rays pass through water droplets contained in the Earth's atmosphere. The shape is the sum of a multicolored arc with red on the outside and violet on the inside.
More than three centuries ago, Isaac Newton was able to show with the help of a prism the white light of the Sun contains red based colors turn to orange, violet, on the black, for the blue and indigo to violet until . This separation of light into the colors that shape decomposition is called white light. The Rainbow Complete Theory was proposed in initial form by Thomas Young and later elaborated in detail by Potter and Airy.
How is it produced? A ray of sunlight, which "make" a rainbow, changes its direction three times while moving through a drop of water first enters the drop, which causes it to refract light. Then moves toward the opposite end of the drop, and is reflected on the inner face thereof. Finally, again refracted as it exits the raindrop shaped scattered light. Color decomposition is possible because the refractive index of the water drop is slightly different for each wavelength for each color of the rainbow.

The currents of "El Niño": Transforming the Earth's climate

SCIENCE
Ms Smith because protest in Santiago because Chile is flooded more than normal. In a fish store in the center of Lima, the price of certain species of fish is doubled. In Rosario Stock Exchange, in turn, triggers the future value of some cereal because this year it is estimated that the harvest will not meet expectations. Is it possible perhaps that these events are connected? Well, could be. The phenomenon "El Niño" rose water temperature in the American Pacific coasts and climate, overcome by so great alteration, succumbs to the chaos.
El Niño is a cyclical climate phenomenon erratically is a change in the movement patterns of ocean currents in the tropics causing consequently global havoc due to heavy rains, affecting mainly South America, both in the Atlantic coast and in the Pacific. The scientific name for the phenomenon El Niño Southern Oscillation (El Niño-Southern Oscillation, ENSO, for its acronym in English). Phenomenon is explained by the Earth's rotation movement.
During El Niño, the trade winds weaken or stop blowing, the sea temperature maximum shifts to the current system Chilean-Peruvian (perceptible increase in water temperature) which is relatively cool, and the minimum sea temperature moves to Southeast Asia. This causes increased air pressure in Southeast Asia and South America decreased. All this change occurs at an interval of six months, approximately from June to November, producing strong alterations in climate.
The consequences of this climatic phenomenon leads to random regions of South America:
- Losses fishing certain species and increased in others.
- Intense cloud formation generated in the intertropical convergence zone.
- Wet periods.
- Low atmospheric pressure.
- Agricultural losses.

Volcanoes: Power in Nature

SCIENCEMan evolves, grows and develops, and he grows his vanity and feeling powerful. Nature takes care to remind us of the fragility of our existence in a world whose age multiplied several times the existence of our species. Volcanoes are perhaps one of their most spectacular tools, destructive and creative life while architects of ancient terrestrial geography.
 A volcano (the mythological god Vulcan) is a conduit which connects directly the top of the solid crust with the lower levels of the same. It is also a geological structure which emerge by magma (molten rock) as lava and gases inside the planet. The rise usually occurs in episodes of violent activity called "flares", which may vary in intensity, duration and frequency; ducts being from lava flows to extremely destructive explosions.Acquiring a characteristic generally conical shape is formed by the pressure of underground magma well as the accumulation of material from previous eruptions. On top of the volcano can find its crater or caldera.Generally, volcanoes are formed at the boundaries of tectonic plates, although there are exceptions called hot spots or "hot spots" located in the interior of tectonic plates, such as the Hawaiian Islands. There are also volcanoes that could expel enough material to form volcanic islands.