Kitesurf: surfing the wind over water

SPORTS

The game is set in a man's life by several main reasons : first is an important activity that keeps the body and mind sharp and young. On the other , it is a social excuse to get together with friends or make new groups. However, there is a reason that happens , perhaps most unnoticed but no less important : it is a major supplier of adrenaline. In an effort to find new limits for this search, someone had mixed paragliding and surfing to create a new activity and is passion in many parts of the world : the kitesurf.

Kitesurfing is a sport that involves sliding the use of a traction kite (kite , English ) , stretching the athlete and attached to the body by a harness , allowing hydroplane using a table or a ski Wakeboard type designed for this purpose. Why flying the kite? There is a particular strength that allows : lift . In a fluid (in this case air) pressure and a constant speed , this means that where the flow velocity increases the pressure decreases. Let's see how this affects the aircraft wings , birds and paragliding. As you can see in the illustration, the wing profile is not symmetrical , as the air around him which is on the bottom goes almost without deviation , however the passing overhead has to travel more distance , if you want to get to trailing edge while passing beneath the need to increase its speed. By the above principle the pressure at the top decreases and increases in the lower part . Complicated, but it happens.

Although this sport so is rather recent , it has been known since ancient times in China and Indonesia were used kites to pull small boats. Not , however, until 1977 when Adrianus Gijsbertus Panhuise patented a navigation system on a surfboard for a type of parasailing, becoming the father of the sport. In Indonesia is a culture and an art, the designs are many and varied, in these places you can find the kiteboarding industry . It is also a great place to train and develop the material , this along with the cheap labor and industrial development of this area puts a pioneer in the development of Kiteboarding .

Started in sport. To begin this sport experts recommend doing an introductory course where they teach a first contact with the material , and since it is a dangerous sport , you need at least a basic safety and rescue procedures to resolve situations breakage of material fall from the kite , etc. . This sport in inexperienced hands can be dangerous, but well practiced is a very exciting sport that huge adrenaline rush .

In an introductory course , there is usually a theoretical security , flight window , etc. . and a practical part , which begins in the sand with a trainer kite , which makes contact with the force of the kite in the different positions of the window of flight and its behavior depending on the speed . Procedure to raise and lower the kite loose . Then you get into water and practice the " body drag " movement in the water without the board , this technique allows to recover the water table , then practice the " waterstart" output from the water table

I leave you a picture that might scare more than one who wants to start in sport ... Truth or Fiction ?

Great Blue Hole: the mysterious eye of the ocean

NATURAL WONDERS

No matter how much we have traveled or traveled the world , how much Internet or general culture blogs have visited , the nature is saved thousands of wonderful places and secrets reserved for . Some are famous and commercially exploited as the Iguazu Falls . Others, such as the Blue Hole, that we present today , remains a mystery to most people .

A blue holeis an underwater cave or sink . They are also called vertical caves . Blue holes are roughly circular , steep-walled, and named for the dramatic contrast between the dark blue of the deep water and the lighter blue of the shallows around them . Water circulation is poor, and its waters are commonly anoxic below a certain depth and this environment is unfavorable for most sea life , but life can allow a large number of bacteria. The deepest blue hole in the world is the Blue Hole Dean with a depth of 202 meters. It is situated in a bay west of Clarence Town on Long Island, in the Bahamas.

Blue holes formed during past ice ages , when sea level was about 100-150 meters lower than today. At that time , these formations were subject to chemical weathering common in all limestone -rich soils , which ended once immersed at the end of the ice age . Blue holes typically found in carbonate platforms shallow .

One of the most famous in the world is the Great Blue Hole off the coast of Belize . It is located near the center of Lighthouse Reef , a small atoll located 100 kilometers from the mainland and Belize City. The hole is circular in shape , and has more than 300 meters wide and 123 meters deep. As the ocean began to rise again , the caves were flooded , and the roof collapsed . Is believed to be the world's biggest phenomenon of its kind, the Great Blue Hole is part of the System of Reserves Belize Barrier Reef , World Heritage United Nations Educational , Scientific and Cultural Organization ( UNESCO) . It's a great place for diving but is for advanced people who do not fear the presence of sharks ! If some brave soul wants to try it , please contact: www.aquascubabelize.com

Pearl Harbor: awaken the giant

HISTORY

For a civil man , it is often difficult to understand the rationale of military strategy . To an ignorant on the subject as who writes , makes absolutely no sense the act in Japan during the Pearl Harbor attack . Except ... unless the official historical facts are hiding part of the story . Perhaps the Japanese already knew it was imminent entry of the United States into the war and its action was defensive , seeking to delay the American attack . Or maybe they were just crazy ... Again, apologize for my ignorance .

The attack on Pearl Harbor was a surprise military offensive conducted by the Imperial Japanese Navy against the naval base of the United States at Pearl Harbor , Hawaii, on the morning of December 7, 1941 . The attack was intended as a preventive action taken to eliminate the intervention of the Pacific Fleet of the United States military actions the Empire of Japan was planning in Southeast Asia perform against overseas territories of the United Kingdom, the Netherlands and the United States itself (or at least that's the official story ) .

The naval base was attacked by more than 300 Japanese aircraft including fighter jets , bombers and torpedo bombers that took off six portaaviones.Resultaron damaged eight U.S. battleships stationed in the port , and four of them were sunk . Of these eight , two were refloated and four repaired , so that six could re-enter service later in the war. The Japanese attack also sank or damaged three cruisers, three destroyers , one minelayer and training ship . The Americans lost 188 aircraft , killed 2402 Americans and 1282 were injured in varying degrees . However, the Japanese attacked the power station, shipyard , maintenance facilities , fuel tanks and torpedoes , submarine docks and the building of the headquarters and the intelligence section . The Japanese lost 29 aircraft and five midget submarines , as well as military casualties suffered 65 killed and wounded . Also, a Japanese sailor was captured alive .

The attack deeply shocked American people and led directly to the U.S. entry into World War II in both theaters of war in Europe and the Pacific. The day after the attack , December 8 , the United States declared war on the Empire of Japan . Domestic support in North America to non- intervention in the global conflict , which had been strong , disappeared while clandestine assistance to the UK was replaced by a full alliance . Subsequent operations led the American nation that declared war Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy on December 11 , which was reciprocated by the U.S. the next day.

There are numerous historical precedents for military attack without a declaration of war by Japan . However, the absence of a formal declaration by the Japanese while negotiations were taking place that seemed to prosper led President Franklin D. Roosevelt to qualify for the December 7, 1941 as "a date which will live in infamy ."

Tequila: a toast to this mexican invention

FOOD&DRINKS
The man investigates sources of carbohydrates and sugars to try to obtain a new formulation of an alcoholic beverage. We get famous malt distilled spirits (whiskey ) , grapes ( cognac ) to even the Pope ( Vodka ) . No less striking is perhaps the case of Mexicans , that plant expected at least get one of the fastest growing beverage business in recent decades . Know more tequila : its history and manufacture.
Mexico agave tequila is a distillate from the municipality of Tequila in the state of Jalisco , Mexico . It is made from fermented and distilled like mezcal , agave juice extracted , in particular the so-called blue agave . It is perhaps the most popular drink and representative of Mexico in the world. To be called tequila, the drink must be made ​​in Mexico and contain at least 51 % of sugars from the agave , although the purest tequilas are 100 % agave . In the mixed tequilas , agave syrup mixed with corn or sugar cane .
Mexicola story tequila Tequila unknown history . Tequila is from Jalisco , according to serious researchers . No municipality can claim to be the " origin of tequila " . Mezcal - Wine is now known as tequila was already produced in the Province of Avalos (now Ciudad Guzman ) since 1616 , as stated in a document from the file of the Archdiocese of Guadalajara. In this region also traded mezcales - agave - between Indians and Spanish , as stated in the document .
However, and for a more accurate historical truth so it's up to the origin of tequila , it should be noted that the tequila or mescal or mezcal was simply an invention of colonial and indigenous , from the moment that it is a distillate . In pre-Hispanic America , distillation was unknown physical process . The Spanish encomenderos of the first third of the sixteenth century Indian labor used for all tasks but this condition is not sufficient to attribute to the ancient Mexicans the invention of agave spirits . In ancient Mexico , the cooked agave was just a sweet food . The only pre-Hispanic drink pulque agave was that at some time after the Conquest was the basis for some Spanish entrepreneurs to prepare a distillate called " rabbit blood ."
Its development . The most important unit operations that occur in the process of making Tequila , are:
Jima is separated from the leaves of agave pineapple when it has reached the proper development.
Hydrolysis: The hydrolysis is required for simple sugars (mainly fructose) . For this, it is mainly used a thermal process . At this stage there are many compounds that determine the profile of the final product .
Extraction : the sugars contained in the cones of agave must be separated from the fiber, this extraction is commonly performed with a combination of wrenching and a train of rolling mills . Currently , it is common to use diffusers that make the operation efficient .
According to the Official Mexican Standard for Tequila , tequila maker can produce two categories of Tequila , which are 100 % Agave Tequila and Tequila respectively ( up to 49 % with other sugars ) .
Fermentation: in this stage , the sugars present in the must are transformed by the action of yeast , into ethyl alcohol and carbon dioxide .
Distillation: After the fermentation phase , it is necessary to musts distillation process of separating the constituents of the wort.
The product obtained from the first cycle is commonly known as ordinary , this product is subjected to a second cycle or correction finally getting Tequila.

Chichen Itza: heart of the Maya

PLACES
Every civilization must possess to be named as such an urban center where there raised their best buildings , have lived their best players and their culture has survived above . As for the Incas, Machu Picchu , Chichen Itza was a major city that surprisingly survived the passage of time to be a witness of what was once a great and wonderful Native American civilization . While it did ( as usual ) for several years numerous " looting " Today is protected by the Mexican government . Chichen Itza , a jewel.
Chichen Itza is one of the major archaeological sites of the Yucatan Peninsula in Mexico , located in the municipality of Tinum , in the state of Yucatan. Important and renowned relic of the Mayan civilization , the main buildings there remain correspond to the time of the decline of Mayan culture known to archaeologists as the post-classical period .
The massive architecture that has survived until today and today is emblematic of the site, has a distinct Toltec influence . The god who presides over the site , according to Mayan mythology , is Kukulcan Mayan representation of Quetzalcoatl , god made ​​the Toltec culture pantheon . That said , consider that Chichen Itza was a city or a ceremonial center , which went through various periods constructive and influences of different peoples that occupied and that boosted since its founding.
Chichen Itza Mayan culture observatorioLa mexico Chichen Itza archaeological site was inscribed on the World Heritage List by UNESCO in 1988. The July 7, 2007 , was recognized as one of the New Seven Wonders of the Modern World , by private initiative without the support of Unesco , but with the recognition of millions of voters around the world.
His story : Chichén Itzá was founded around 525 AD , during "the first drop or fall small eastern referring chronicles " for the chanes of Bacalar (later called Itza ) and later still Cocomes . They set up their capital.
Toward the end of the Late Classic period , in the ninth century , Chichen became one of the most important political centers Mayab land . For the beginning of the Postclassic ( from 900 to 1500 ) , the city had established itself as the main center of power in the Yucatan Peninsula.
Mayan Chichen Itza buildings show a large number of architectural and iconographic elements that some historians have called mexicanized . The truth is that it is visible the influence of cultures from the Mexican plateau , and mixing with the Puuc style , from the heights of the peninsula , the Classic Maya architecture . The presence of these elements from the cultures of the highlands were conceived a few years ago as a result of a mass migration or conquest of the Mayan city by Toltec groups . However, more recent studies suggest they may have been the cultural expression of a political system widespread and prestigious during the early Postclassic Mesoamerica .

Chichen Itza in the post- Maya. In the sixteenth century the Spanish conquistador Francisco de Montejo and the Franciscan Diego de Landa , made ​​the first visits of Europeans in the area and gave a detailed account of the existence of the city.
Chichen Itza Mayan mexico saqueoEn 1840 John Lloyd Stephens and Frederick Catherwood visited the archaeological site of Chichen Itza, in that time the area was within the estate of the same name that belonged to Juan Sosa . In 1894 , Edward Herbert Thompson purchased the Hacienda Chichén- Itzá , conducted studies and explorations in the area, especially in the sacred cenote . During this work many objects found were inadvertently sent to the Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology at Harvard University but later , due to the intervention of the Mexican government , some of the objects were returned. This was a time of looting of one of the most important treasures of Mexican history .
When Thompson died in 1935 the estate passed to his heirs although the control and jurisdiction , and the systematic exploration and maintenance of extensive archaeological site is run by provision of law , the National Institute of Anthropology and History, the agency Mexican federal government